The body's internal clock helps to regulate a water-storing hormone so that nightly dehydration or trips to

the toilet are not the norm, research suggests.
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In an article published in Nature Neuroscience today,wow power leveling neurophysiologists Eric Trudel and

Charles Bourque at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada,

propose a mechanism by which the body's circadian system, or internal clock, controls water regulation1. By

allowing cells that sense water levels to activate cells that release vasopressin, a hormone that instructs

the body to store water, the circadian system keeps the body hydrated during sleep.
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"We've known for years that there's a rhythm of vasopressin that gets high when you're sleeping.aoc gold But

no one knew how that occurred. And this group identified a very concrete physiological mechanism of how it

occurs," says Christopher Colwell, a neuroscientist who studies sleep and circadian rhythms at the David

Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles.
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The body regulates its water content mainly by balancing water intake through thirst with water loss through

urine production.age of conan power leveling maple story mesos People don't drink during sleep, so the body

has to minimize water loss to remain sufficiently hydrated. Scientists knew that low water levels excite a

group of cells called osmosensory neurons, which direct another set of neurons to release vasopressin into

the bloodstream. Vasopressin levels increase during sleep; clock neurons, meanwhile, get quieter.
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Trudel and Bourque tested the idea that lower clock-neuron activity might allow osmosensory neurons to more

easily activate vasopressin-releasing neurons,aion gold which would mean more water retention and less urine

production during sleep.
To do this, they isolated thin slices of rat brain containing intact sensory, vasopressin-releasing and

clock neurons. Even when removed from the brain, clock neurons continue to mark time.
The duo then stimulated the sensory neurons and recorded any electrical activity in the vasopressin-

releasing neurons to monitor communication between the two cell groups. The researchers then moved on to

look at the effect of the clock cells on this pathway. When they did not activate the clock cells during the

'sleep' part of their cycle, it was easier for the sensory cells to communicate with vasopressin-releasing

cells. Conversely, when they activated the clock cells, this communication decreased markedly.
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The results suggest that clock cells function as a dimmer switch for water control.maple story mesos When

their activity is high, they prevent sensory cells from instructing secretory cells to release vasopressin.

Then, when clock cells are less active, sensory cells can easily instruct secretory cells to release

vasopressin, ensuring that the body holds on to its water reserves.
Colwell points out that the study was done in rats, which are nocturnal. Although the vasopressin cycle and

clock-neuron activity are similar in rats and humans, the question of whether the same mechanism occurs in

animals that sleep at night remains to be answered.
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"We show this for this one circuit,dog clothes but it's possible that clock neurons regulate other circuits

in a similar manner and this remains to be studied," says Bourque. He speculates that future studies might

reveal whether the same mechanism regulates hunger, sleepiness and other aspects of physiology related to

circadian rhythms.